The Futaleufú is better known worldwide for whitewater than for trout, and the river's turquoise, granite-walled canyons really are as striking as the rafting brochures claim — but the fishing quietly matches the scenery. Clear, cold water over bedrock and boulder holds brown and rainbow trout that see relatively little fly pressure compared with Argentina's better-known Patagonian rivers, and they can run big on a diet of sculpins and baitfish. Streamers worked through pocket water and along seams below the rapids are the standard method, with dry-dropper rigs earning their keep in the calmer side channels. This is a river people fought to keep free-flowing against a major dam proposal, and fishing it still feels like a privilege rather than an entitlement.

• Granite