Freestone · Mixed · Montana, US

Big Hole River

A drift boat floats past wading fly anglers on the Big Hole River, with a steep pine-and-rock canyon wall behind, Montana.

The Big Hole comes down out of the Pioneer Mountains and people love it the way you love a place that's been good to you.

Today · About as good as it gets
Sculpin Streamer
Forecast · Today
About as good as it gets
On the feed top to bottom — start on the rises with a dry, drop a nymph if they stay down.
90% projected
Today's fly
Sculpin Streamer
Sculpin Streamer
Conditions on the water · Today
Live gauge
Level
Steady
0.57 m
Water temp8.6°C
ClarityClear
Weather8°C
WindN 6 km/h
Pressure1025 hPa
Rain · recent0.0 mm
Rain · ahead0.0 mm

The nearest gauge doesn't record temperatures, so we've estimated it — defer to the river keeper's advice.

Water temperature for Brook Trout
Cool — slow
9°C est.ideal 10–16°C
0°14°28°
How to fish it · for Brook Trout
When
Nymphing can work through most of the day.
Where
Cover mixed depths.
Method
Start with tight-line nymphs and adjust if fish rise or drift higher.
Kit
9 ft #4 rod, floating line, 12 ft tapered leader to 4–5 lb fluoro tippet.
Why this works
Good — water clarity is right today, though insect activity could be better.
Likely species
Hatch timeline · todayPeak at 9pm

12pm(now) — Western Blue-Winged Olive

Stage: On emergersApproach: Emerger or dryActivity: 51%
Also:Black Midge47%
Peak emergence window6 food groups active

Peak activity at 9pm — Brown Dun (Brown Dun, 5 food groups active)

Sub-surface · on the nymphunder the surface

Hatch predictions

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Beyond the hatch · worth watchingambient prey(1)

Hatch predictions

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Evidence
Records-basedModerate confidence

Based on species-occurrence records, not local invertebrate surveys.

Through the year
0–3 scale · October highlighted
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
Trout seasonSeason
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Brown DunHatch
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
Western Green DrakeHatch
2
2
Flav (Small Western Green Drake)Hatch
2
3
2
Mahogany DunHatch
2
2

Numbers are intensity 0 (none) to 3 (peak) — a guide, not a guarantee.

Ranked for today
Brook Trout fly box
SD
Sex Dungeon
2-6 · Pattern
Proven pattern for this period
Permits & access
Permit required — see local rules.
  • Montana licence
  • Summer hoot-owl (afternoon) closures are common on the lower river
  • Holds the last fluvial Arctic grayling in the lower 48 — handle with care.
What's coming
Plan ahead
5-day outlook
Other water nearby · 5
Gallery · 3
  1. A drift boat floats past wading fly anglers on the Big Hole River, with a steep pine-and-rock canyon wall behind, Montana.
    Floating the Big Hole
  2. Fishing the Big Hole
    Fishing the Big Hole
  3. Terrain map of the venue
    Terrain map
About this water

The Big Hole comes down out of the Pioneer Mountains and people love it the way you love a place that's been good to you. Browns, rainbows, and brook trout, plus the rare fluvial Arctic grayling — the last river-dwelling population in the lower 48, which is reason enough to handle them like the relics they are. The salmonfly hatch brings a crowd. By late summer the lower river runs low and warm and goes under hoot-owl restrictions, so plan on mornings.

Under the surface

The Big Hole runs out of the high, wide valley that gives it its name — the 'big hole' the old trappers meant, a broad sweep of hayfield and willow under the Pioneer Mountains — and threads down through Wisdom and Wise River toward its meeting with the Beaverhead. It's a true freestone, snowmelt-fed and unregulated, swinging from braided meadow channels up top to a rocky canyon lower down. The upper river is the last refuge of the fluvial Arctic grayling in the lower forty-eight, a fish that has no business still being there and is. The bed is rounded freestone cobble, the lies in the riffles, undercut banks and willow corners. The river runs cold and high through June and can drop worryingly low and warm in a dry August. Wading is straightforward on cobble, with the usual care where the canyon pushes the water.

Wading: Low warm water late summer, pushy in the canyon

  • Mixed
  • Partly confined
  • Pool riffle
  • Step pool
Water quality · US Clean Water Act
  • Aquatic life: Impaired
What this classification means

EPA ATTAINS assessment unit 'Big Hole River' (MT41D001_010), 2021 Integrated Report. Aquatic Life use: Not Supporting. Listed impairment causes: Temperature, Habitat Alterations, Hydrologic Alteration, Metals Other Than Mercury. This is a Clean Water Act assessment-unit classification (the US analogue of WFD), not a live reading.

Status is for the Clean Water Act assessment unit covering this reach.

EPA ATTAINS (Clean Water Act) · MT41D001_010

The full read · show the working · for Brook Trout · confidence 90%
How the 76 is built — score × weight = contribution
Temperature66 × 28%18.5
Flow80 × 22%17.6
Clarity95 × 18%17.1
Feeding Time80 × 13%10.4
Pressure75 × 7%5.3
Insect activity62 × 12%7.4
Conditions total= 76
Can you trust it?
Water temperaturelive gauge readinggauge
Level / flowon-river gaugeobserved
Prey activitymodelled from regional profilemodelled
What would change the calculation
Warmer water — toward the 10–16 °C ideal band — would lift the temperature score.
Directions
Seasons & zones
  • Trout Third Saturday of May → Last day of February
Related guides
Booking & contacts